773310 Bioorganic chemistry (in Eng.)


Art
Vorlesung
Semesterstunden
2
Vortragende/r (Mitwirkende/r)
Organisation
Angeboten im Semester
Sommersemester 2023
Unterrichts-/ Lehrsprachen
Englisch

Lehrinhalt

Nucleic acids, DNA, RNA:
Nucleic bases, nucleosides, nucleotides. DNA structure and superstructure. The chemical synthesis of DNA: the Khorana method of DNA synthesis (phosphate coupling chemistry), Letsinger approach (phosphite coupling chemistry), Caruthers methodology of DNA synthesis using phosphoramidite approach on solid support, automated oligonucleotide synthesis, modern automated DNA synthesis. DNA as a target for cytotoxic drugs, traditional chemotherapy targeting DNA in rapidly dividing cells. The chemistry of mutagenic and cytotoxic agents.

Amino acids, Peptides and Proteins:
Amino acids and peptides, chemical synthesis of peptides, synthetic approaches to amine bond formation, coupling reagents, protecting groups, solid-phase peptide synthesis, side-chain protecting groups and cleavable linkers application of peptides as pharmaceuticals; Proteins, proteins secondary structure, receptor-ligand interaction, Receptor-ligand interaction, Highly specific protein–small-molecule interactions, enzymes, enzyme inhibitors, enzymes that use organic cofactors, vitamins.

Lipids and Glycolipids:
Lipids and lipid membranes: structure and function. Glycero- and sphingolipids, cerebrosides, bacterial glycolipids, glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI). Synthetic approaches to the assembly of complex glycolipids. Lipids in cellular signaling: generating distinct chemical signals by hydrolysing various bonds of phospholipids, phospholipases; arachidonic acid as signaling molecules during inflammation. Chemistry of sphingosine derivatives as important molecules for intracellular signaling.
Carbohydrates and Glycans:
Structure and function, mono- and oligosaccharides; the chemistry of glycosidic bond; polar effects and stereoelectronic effects; chemical synthesis of oligosaccharides. Bioorganic chemistry of glycoconjugates: glycoproteins and proteoglycans, glycolipids. Carbohydrate binding proteins: multivalency, lectins and human blood group antigens, glycocalyx. Organic synthesis of biologically important glycans.

Inhaltliche Voraussetzungen (erwartete Kenntnisse)

This course is concepted for graduate and post-graduate students and young researchers who have already a solid background in basic principles of organic chemistry. This course suits also to those students who are ready to apply and grow their chemical knowledge to peruse a future career interest in bioorganic chemistry or chemical biology.

Lehrziel

The objective of the course is not covering everything currently seen as bioorganic chemistry, but rather introducing to essentials of bioorganic chemistry and concentrating afterwards on specific topics of interest. The major objective of the course is to understand the synthesis and function of molecules that comprise living cells; to gain insight into bioorganic chemistry of biomolecules and biooligomers.
The essentials of bioorganic chemistry are represented by the structure, characterisation and behaviour of the main biological macromolecules and macromolecular assemblies found in the cells: nucleic acids, peptides and proteins, lipids and lipid membranes, and carbohydrates as components of complex glycans. Also, the chemistry of biomolecules that are essential for primary and secondary metabolism or feature as protein prosthetic groups or modify the behaviour of macromolecule will be discussed.
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